Exposition Text

Definition

Exposition text is a type of writing that explains knowledge or information based on facts to convince the audience or interlocutor. 

Purpose of Exposition Text
The purpose of this text is :

• to explain information or ideas regarding various aspects of life (economics, environment, health, etc. ).
• to influence readers to agree with the opinions expressed by the author in responding to an issue.

Types of Exposition Text 

1. Analytical Exposition

Analytical exposition is an exposition text that begins with a statement from the author to show their attitude and position in responding to an issue or theme that will be discussed.

Next, the author will express many opinions and arguments as support for the opinion that was written at the beginning, then the author closes or ends the writing with a restatement such as the opinion at the beginning as a form of confirmation that he wants to convey to the audience.

2. Hortatory Exposition

Hortatory exposition is a type of exposition text that begins with a statement in the form of a current or viral issue to be turned into the theme of the writing.

If so, the author will state various supporting arguments that are relevant to the theme of the article to make the reader better understand the author's point of view. 

Finally, the text will close with suggestions from the author regarding what the audience should do in responding to the issues that have been discussed.

General Structure of Exposition Text

1. Thesis

In general, in Indonesian, this section is also called a general statement which acts as an opening in an exposition text. Through a thesis statement, the author will usually begin to introduce the issue, topic, or author's view of a topic that will be discussed in the text.

2. Arguments

The next stage is to convey the arguments or opinions you have to support the issue or topic of the article.

In this case, arguments can take the form of personal opinions, logical reasons, relevant data from trusted sources, expert statements, or other supporting facts.

3. Reiteration

This section contains the author's conclusion or conclusion regarding the entire topic discussed at the beginning.

Language Features

1. Use simple present tense
2. Use conjunction

    For example : so , therefore, the reason , etc.
3. Use a lot of cause and effect word (causal conjunctions). 

    For example : because of
4. Use connective words

  Examples of connecting words include even though, although, however, nevertheless, on the   contrary, on the other hand , and many more.

5. Use vocabularies to express writer’s expression
    For example : think, must, try, need, important, and so on so forth .

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Discussion Text

 Definition

Discussion text is a text that presents a topic problem which is then discussed from various points of view.

 

Purpose

The purpose of a discussion text is to provide new information to readers regarding an issue. This information is also in the form of a new perspective, so that the reader can see an issue from a different perspective.

Structure of Discussion Text

• Statement of issue

The first paragraph is an introduction and/or statement regarding the issue to be discussed

• List of supporting points

In the following paragraphs the author provides several things that support the issue being discussed or convey pro arguments. It can be about profits, benefits, and so on

• List of contrast points

Contrary to the paragraphs that contain things that support the issue, the author provides several things that do not support the issue in other words, presenting counter arguments. It can be in the form of losses, negative things and others.

• Recommendations

In the last paragraph, the author provides recommendations regarding the issues being discussed to the reader, or the subject contained in the discussion text. It can be in the form of a suggestion to take action on the issue, or a suggestion so that both the reader or subject in a discussion text learns more about the issues being discussed from various perspectives before making a decision.

Language Feature

• The sentence is in simple present tense
• Using thinking verbs such as hope, feel, believe, and others,
• There are conjunctions in the form of additive, constrastive, and casual connections as a differentiator
• Using modes such as should, must, may, would, and others.

Examples :

Full Day School

Full day school is a program that asks students to take part in the teaching and learning process at school in full from 07.00 - 16.00. This system requires students to be at school for a full day. The program raises many pros and cons among the community.

Those who support the implementation of this program consider full day school as the best solution to anticipate the adverse effects of the globalization era.

Full day schools are considered to be able to provide sufficient lessons, good habituation, education and training so that students can achieve and fulfill the school's quality assurance program. This program also helps teachers pass teacher certification by teaching 24 hours per week.

While those who disagree or contra argue that the level of concentration of children is different. Students also need adequate rest so that their concentration is maintained optimally so that they are able to digest the lessons given.

In addition, full day school cuts long hours and this will make it difficult for students to carry out activities outside according to their individual interests.

Cellphones and Children

HP or people now more often use the term smartphone is a device that is used to make it easier for humans to communicate.

Not only communication, smartphones are used to help other human needs. Almost everyone has a cell phone, even small children. Even so, there are many pros and cons in terms of giving cellphones to children.

Those who support or those who are pro against giving cell phones to children think that with this communication tool, it will be easier for parents to monitor and oversee the condition of their children anytime and anywhere.

In addition, having a cell phone makes it easier for children to access the information they need to support the learning process at school.

Meanwhile, those who are against the provision of mobile phones for children argue that it is not the time for children to be given this sophisticated technology.

This is because not all information on the internet is good, there is also a lot of dangerous content that children cannot access.

Apart from that, giving HP to children makes them passive and difficult to get along with the environment because they are more engrossed in playing games on their HP.

Based on the two arguments above, it can be concluded that giving cellphones to children is actually not mandatory. However, if it is really necessary, parents must provide strict supervision to their children.

Parents must know what their children have access to and always remind them of the good things that can be accessed and the bad things that cannot be accessed so they don't fall into negative things.

Television (TV)

Television has become a part of our life. In our daily life we ​​often watch television. We usually watch television after work, when we gather with family, even when we are working. As part of our lives, television has both good and bad effects. Pongid has a different principle opinion about the positive and negative effects of watching TV.

These bad effects include TV making us less mobile because we spend a long time watching TV. They also say that TV affects everyday life. Sometimes we don’t realize that we are snacking more often while watching TV. TV also influences the way children act. Rude and violence can come from television shows that are less educational. 

However, other opinions also say that television has a good impact. We can get a lot of information. From TV we can know various situations that occur in other cities. TV also makes us more relaxed. After working all day, We come home and turn on the TV to watch funny and comedy videos.

Homework

I have been wondering if homework is necessary. I think we should have homework because it helps us to learn and revise our work. Homework helps people who aren’t very smart to remember what they have learned. Homework is really good because it helps with our education. But, many times, doing home is not a great idea. I think we shouldn’t have homework because I like to go out after school to a restaurant or the movies. Sometimes homework is boring and not important. I think homework is bad because I like to play and discuss things with my family. According to me, homework is not as an entirely bad thing or a completely good thing for students’ education because this is about how they learn more their material from school.

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